世界优秀男子自由体操运动员成套动作编排模式研究

摘要

对里约奥运周期的2次世界体操锦标赛和我国第12届全运会体操决赛前8名男子自由体操运动员的24套动作进行研究,探讨当今世界优秀男子自由体操运动员成套动作编排的规律和模式。研究表明,1)2013版规则的变化,使“快速后空翻”接“团身/直体托马斯”连接成为历史,同时也为非技巧类动作的选择提供了新的空间；2)运动员成套动作选用单个高难空翻类动作、“转体+转体”与“空翻+转体”的连接,以及使用“回笼”连接成为趋势,“D+D”类连接也呈现增多的趋势；3)自由体操成套动作编排模式包含“动作类型的编排模式”和“动作难度价值的编排模式”2类；4)自由体操成套动作编排模式的具体应用,既要充分考虑各制胜要素,又要充分考虑运动员的训练实际,这是参考和借鉴编排模式的必由之路。%This paper makes analysis on 2 4 sets of movements of top 8 male floor exercise ath-letes in the 1 2 National Games and two editions of World Championships in Rio Olympic cy-cle ,explores the pattern of arrangement of complete set of movements of world elite floor exer-cise athletes.The result shows that the change of 2 0 1 3 edition makes the the fast flip with tuck / Thomas straight connection become history,but also provides a new space for the non-skill action selection;2 )athletes complete sets of actions using single difficult somersault,twist+ twist and somersault + twist connection,and the use of return connection has become the trend,the "D+D" connection is also showing a growing trend;3 )arrangement mode of floor exercise routine includes action type arrangement mode and difficulty value arrangement mode;4 )the specific application mode of complete set of movements in floor exercise arrangement should fully consider the various factors of winning,but also actual training of athletes,this is the reference and the arrangement mode of the route one must take.