Objective :To explore the effect of different physical exercise on body composition of high school students in physical education class .Methods :taking 94 high school students in Shanghai middle school as the experimental subjects ,the subjects are divided into power group (13 male ,18 female) ,endurance group(male 14 ,female 18) and the strength and endurance combination group(combination group ,male 14 ,female 17) ,an alternate 31 junior as a regular physical education in the control group(male 14 ,female 17) .For 16 weeks ,the same exercise intensity combination of strength ,endurance ,strength and endurance exercise and conventional physical education ,the combination group strength and endurance group practice ,just the a‐mount of strength and endurance exercise corresponding ,exercise intensity is the same as the group of strength ,endurance and the control group .Results :1)The power set of participants'body weight ,BMI ,body fat ,fat weight and muscle mass very significantly increased ( P<0 .01) ,body fat rate increased significantly ( P< 0 .05 ) .2 )Endurance ,body composition before and after each index in the experimental group participants is very significantly decreased ( P<0 .01) .3)The combination group the subjects’ body fat mass ,body fat rate and muscle con‐tent very significantly decreased ( P< 0 .01 ) ,and removal of the fat weight was very signifi‐cantly increased(P< 0 .01) .4)Before and after the experiment control group subjects of body fat rate dropped significantly ( P< 0 .01 ) .Conclusion :1 ) The strength training can effectively increase the school students of body weight ,BMI ,and removal of the fat weight ,muscle mass ;2 ) Endurance exercise to lower school students body weight ,BMI ,body fat ,body fat rate ,have a remarkable effect on muscle mass ;3 ) Combination of strength and endurance exercise can ef‐fectively reduce the amount of body fat junior ,body fat rate ,muscle mass ,increase the removal of the fat weight ;4) Combination of strength and endurance exercise effect is not a simple su‐perposition of strength training and endurance training effect .It is suggested that we should consider reasonable arrangement of strength training and endurance exercise in daily physical education in order to maintain high school student health .%目的：探讨体育课中不同身体练习方式对高二学生体成分的影响。方法：以上海市某中学3个班级94名高二学生为实验对象，分为力量组（男13人，女18人）、耐力组（男14人，女18人）及力量与耐力组合组（组合组，男14人，女17人），另选31名高二学生作为常规体育课对照组（男14人，女17人）。分别进行18周相同运动强度的力量、耐力、力量与耐力组合练习及常规体育课，组合组采用力量组和耐力组的练习方法，只是力量与耐力练习的次数相应减少，运动强度与力量组、耐力组及对照组相同。结果：1）力量组学生的体重、BMI、体脂肪量、去脂体重、肌肉量非常显著性增加（ P＜0．01），体脂肪率显著增加（ P＜0．05）；2）耐力组受试者的体成分各项指标在实验前后呈非常显著性下降（ P＜0．01）；3）组合组受试者的体脂肪量、体脂肪率、肌肉含量非常显著性下降（P＜0．01），去脂体重显著增长（P＜0．05）；4）对照组受试者的体脂肪率在实验前后显著下降（P＜0．01）。结论：1）力量练习可以有效地增加高二学生的体重、BM I、去脂体重、肌肉量；2）耐力练习对降低高二学生体重、BM I、脂肪量、体脂肪率、肌肉量有显著的作用；3）力量与耐力组合练习可以有效地降低高二学生的体脂肪量、体脂肪率、肌肉量，增加其去脂体重；4）力量与耐力组合练习的效果并不是简单的力量练习和耐力练习效果的叠加，提示在日常的体育课中为维持高二学生健康，应考虑合理安排力量练习和耐力练习。
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