基于LMA型面磨耗车轮与60N钢轨匹配的高铁车辆动力学性能分析

摘要

建立车辆—轨道耦合动力学模型,计算和分析LMA型面的车轮在不同磨耗程度下与60N钢轨匹配时高铁车辆直线运行中车轮的等效锥度和轮轨动态接触点位置及平稳性指标,以及曲线通过时的脱轨系数、轮重减载率、轮轨横向力、轮对横移量和磨耗功均方根值及车轮表面滚动接触疲劳系数均方根值,并与60钢轨对比.结果表明:LMA型面的磨耗车轮与60N钢轨匹配时,在车辆运行里程达到25万km后,直线运行条件下轮轨动态接触点的横向分布宽度仅为8.2mm,仅约为60钢轨的一半,车辆运行的稳定性优于采用60钢轨时;车辆曲线通过时的轮轨横向力、车轮抗磨耗和疲劳性能也均优于采用60钢轨时;总之,相比60钢轨,不同磨耗程度的车轮与60N钢轨匹配均能保持较好的车辆动力学性能.%A vehicle-track coupling dynamics model is built to calculate and analyze the dynamic performance of high-speed vehicle based on LMA worn wheel matching with 60N rail,including the equivalent conicity of wheel,the dynamic position of wheel-rail contact point and riding index when the vehicle running on straight line.In addition,the derailment coeffident,the rate of wheel load reduction,lateral wheel-rail force,the lateral displacement of wheel-set,and the mean square root values of both the wear work and surface rolling contact fatigue coefficient when the vehicle running on curved line are analyzed.The calculated results are compared with those of 60 rail.Results show that,when the 60N rail is matched with LMA worn wheel,the lateral distribution width of dynamic wheel-rail contact points is only 8.2 mm with the vehicle running after 250 000 km on straight line.The value is only half of 60 rail,which indicates that the vehicle running stability of 60N rail is better than that of 60 rail.The vehicle curve negotiating performance of 60N is better than that of 60 rail,such as lateral wheel-rail force,anti-wear and fatigue resistance performance.In conclusion,compared with 60 rail,a better vehicle dynamics performance can be maintained when different worn wheels matching with 60N rail.