Objective To evaluate the influence and significance of Pingyangmycin neoajuvant chemotherapy on the c-myc, Ras-P21 and P53 protein expression in penile cancer on. Methods The Data of 100 patiens with penile squamous cell carcinoma were obtained in the Department of Urology, the Tumor Hospital of Harbin Medical University, from 1995 to 2005, and they were divided into two groups according to whether given the neoajuvant chemotherapy before the surgery or not. 50 patients in the neoajuvant group were given Pingyangmycin preoperative chemotherapy for 7 days before surgery, after the chemotherapy, partial excision of penis plus improved inguinal lymph node dissection was per-formed. 50 patients in the control group were given partial excision of penis plus improved inguinal lymph node dissec-tion directly without any pre-operative chemotherapy. All pathology specimens were detected of c-myc, Ras-P21, P53 protein product expression by immunohistochemical staining assay. Results In neoajuvant chemotherapy group, the pos-itive expression rates of c-myc, Ras-P21, P53 were 30%, 27%, 23%,respectively. While in control group, the positive expression rates of c-myc, Ras-P21, P53 were 52%, 48%, 50%, the differences were statistically significant (P<0.05). Conclusion The c-myc, Ras-P21, P53 protein expressions are significantly decreased in the tissue of Pingyangmycin neoajuvant chemotherapy of penile cancer, Pingyangmycin neoajuvant chemotherapy may decrease the degree of malig-nancy of penile cancer.%目的：探讨应用平阳霉素新辅助化疗对阴茎癌组织基因蛋白c-myc、Ras-P21、P53表达的影响及意义。方法收集哈尔滨医科大学附属肿瘤医院泌尿外科1995～2005年罹患阴茎鳞状细胞癌的住院患者100例，按照术前是否进行辅助化疗分为两组，其中新辅助化疗组50例，术前应用平阳霉素化疗7 d，化疗后行阴茎部分切除术，并行双侧腹股沟淋巴结改良清扫术；对照组50例，直接行手术治疗(手术治疗方法同新辅助化疗组)，术前不进行化学药物治疗。应用免疫组织化学法(SP)对两组患者的阴茎鳞状细胞癌组织进行c-myc、Ras-P21以及P53等指标检测。结果新辅助化疗组组织标本中c-myc、Ras-P21、P53等指标表达的阳性率经检测分别为30豫、27豫、23豫。对照组组织标本中，c-myc、Ras-P21、P53等指标表达的阳性率经检测分别为52豫、48豫、50豫。新辅助化疗组与对照组的c-myc、Ras-P21、P53指标表达阳性率比较，差异有统计学意义(P<0.05)。结论应用平阳霉素新辅助化疗后，阴茎鳞状细胞癌组织中c-myc、Ras-P21、P53蛋白的表达明显下降，平阳霉素新辅助化疗可降低阴茎癌的恶性程度。
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