人诺如病毒最新研究进展

摘要

Human noroviruses are the major cause of the human acute non-bacterial gastroenteritis and increasingly leads to higher morbidity and mortality.Human noroviruses are characteristic of fast molecular evolution,continuous viral shedding,lower dose of infection and the diverse routes of transmission,which is considered to make norovirus epidemics even more serious.However,there are still no suitable animal model or effective vaccine.This review mainly introduces recent advances in fields of the epidemiology,viral isolation and cultivation,animal model,detection and vaccine development of Human noroviruses.%人诺如病毒是导致人类非细菌性急性胃肠炎的主要原因,近年来其导致的发病率和致死率都在不断升高.人诺如病毒分子进化快、人群感染后持续排毒、低剂量感染及传播途径多样性等原因使得诺如病毒流行较为严重.然而,目前仍没有合适的动物模型以及有效的疫苗.本文主要介绍人诺如病毒的分子生物学特性、流行病学、分离培养、动物模型、检测技术及疫苗研发等方面的研究进展.