进入效度整体观时期，测试效度研究衍变为用尽可能多的“证据”支持考试的有效性，效度论证成为检验效度的基础。“以证据为中心的测试设计”（ECD）本着一切服务于效度论证的宗旨，依托计算机技术与思维，以教育测量与统计原理为方法，将测试设计过程模块化，最大程度地使围绕测试效度的全部证据联系在一起，成就测试的“证据链”。我国教育考试国家题库的升级可参考ECD的效度论证框架，以效度为重、以证据为先，建立被试思维和模块思维，从根本上提高教育考试的科学性。%Validity nowadays refers to the degree to which evidence support the interpretations of test scores for proposed uses of tests. Validity argument is the foundation of validation. Evidence-Centered Design(ECD), guided by educational measurement and statistics,focuses on collecting validity evidence through computer technologies and divides test design into models which identify all kinds of evidence. ECD is to achieve an evidence chain for each test. To build a scientific and valid Chinese national educational item bank, it is essential to build the way of thinking tests as a process of evidence collection. Besides, the practice of ECD of modeling different evidence sets up a successful example to design the item bank technically and scientifically.
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