气相色谱法测定不同香型白酒中醇类与醛类物质含量

摘要

As important flavor material,the contents of the alcohols and the aldehydes affect the Baijiu (Chinese liquor) style directly.A rapid and accurate detection method of methanol,acetaldehyde,acetal and fusel oil content in Baijiu by gas chromatography (GC) was established.The alcohols and the aldehydes in Baijiu were separated by CP-WAX57 CB capillary column (50 m×0.25 mm×0.20 μm),then detected by flame ionization detector (FID),and quantified by extemal standard method.The separation effects of the alcohols and the aldehydes were good.The results showed that the alcohols and the aldehydes in Baijiu had good linear relationship in the range of 0-2 000 mg/L (R2=-0.999 4-0.999 8).The adding standard recovery rate was 98.84％-103.15％.The relative standard deviation (RSD) of precision tests was 0.21％-1.57％.The alcohols and the aldehydes in 12 flavor types of Baijiu were analyzed and compared by the method.The analysis results showed that the varieties of the aroma compounds were similar,but the contents had obvious differences due to the difference of flavor types.%醇类和醛类物质作为白酒中重要的呈香呈昧物质,其含量的高低直接影响着白酒的风格.该研究建立了一种可同时快速、准确测定白酒中甲醇、乙醛、乙缩醛以及杂醇油含量的气相色谱(GC)法.采用CP-WAX57 CB毛细管色谱柱(50 m×0.25 mn×0.20μm)分离白酒中醇类和醛类物质,氢火焰离子化检测器(FID)检测,外标法定量,实现了较好地分离效果.结果表明,白酒中醇类和醛类物质在0～2 000 mg/L范围内线性关系良好(R2=-0.999 4～0.999 8),加标回收率为98.84％～103.15％,精密度试验相对标准偏差(RSD)为0.21％～1.57％.该方法分析比较12种香型独特的白酒中醇类和醛类物质,其种类相似,但含量因香型的不同存在着明显的差异.