木棉花红色素的提取及性质研究

摘要

Physico-chemical properties and extraction conditions of the red pigment in flowers of Bombax malabaricum were investigated. Results showed that good yield of pigment could be obtained by acid extraction, such as 0.1mol/L HCl-50% C2H5OH(1∶　1)at 60℃ for 2h.The B. malabaricum red pigment is classified to anthocyanins, for which pH had significant effect on the tone of pigment. The pigment is stable to heat under acid condition. Under sunlight, degradation of the pigment could be accelerated, but regardless of ultraviolet light. Metallic ions Na+,Mg2+,Ca2+,Al3+,Cu2+，Pb2+and Zn2+had no effect on the tone of pigment, but Fe3+and Sn2+had severe disadvantageous effect. This kind of pigment possesses poor anti-oxidation ability. Addition of glucose, sucrose had no effect on the pigment.%研究了木棉花红色素的提取条件和理化性质，结果表明，用1∶ 1的0.1mol/L盐酸-50%乙醇在60℃恒温浸取2h，提取效率较好。木棉花红色素属花青素类色素，pH值对色素影响明显，在酸性条件下色泽稳定且具有热稳定性。光照能加快色素降解，但与紫外光无关。金属离子Na+、Mg2+、Ca2+、Al3+、Cu2+、Pb2+、Zn2+对色素色泽无影响，而Fe3+、Sn2+有不良影响。色素的抗氧化还原能力较弱。蔗糖、葡萄糖和盐等添加剂对色素无影响。