柱芳烃合成及应用研究进展

摘要

柱芳烃是一类结构对称、由对苯二酚或对苯二酚醚通过亚甲基对位桥联的新型"柱"状大环低聚超分子主体化合物.本文主要回顾了烷氧基柱芳烃、水溶性柱芳烃、两亲性柱芳烃的合成发展过程,介绍了柱芳烃的结构与构象,柱芳烃及其衍生物的主客体化学,阐述了它们在构筑超分子自组装体系、医药、生物、相转移催化方面的应用研究进展.目前,柱[5,6]芳烃的合成方法已经比较成熟,而高阶柱芳烃的合成仍有待进一步改善,同时,随着研究的不断深入,柱芳烃及其衍生物将有望用于催化、生物模拟、石油化工等更广泛的领域.%Pillararene is a kind of new "column" macrocyclic supramolecular polymer with symmetrical structure. It is formed by hydroquinone or hydroquinone ether para-bridged by methylene. In this paper,it is aimed to review progress in the synthesis of alkoxy,water-soluble and amphipathic pillararene,to introduce the structure and conformation of pillararene,the host-guest properties of pillararene and their derivatives,to elaborate the application progress of pillararenes in the field of supramolecular self-assembly,medicine,biology and phase transfer catalytic aspects. So far,the synthesis method of pillar[5,6]arene has been well established,while the high-level pillararene needs to improve. Meanwhile,with the deepening of research,pillararene and their derivatives are expected to be used in the areas of catalysis,biologic simulation,and petrochemistry.