凤眼莲在刺参饲料中的应用研究

摘要

In order to reduce the breeding cost of Apostichopus japonicus and make full use of the low value resources,the feasibility of Eichhornia crassipes Sioms in Apostichopus japonicus feed was studied.With 30％,60％ and 100％ Eichhornia crassipes Sioms replacement of Sargassum and Sargassum thunbergii added in the feed,the Apostichopus japonicus was fed by normal form and fermentation for 30 d,using self-made normal seaweed feed as the control group.The results showed that:with 30％ and 60％ Eichhornia crassipes Sioms replacement of Sargassum and Sargassum thunbergii added in the feed,after fermentation,the vigor of digestive enzyme in 30％ Eichhornia crassipes Sioms fermentation group was the highest,the peak value of the protease,amylase,cellulase and lipase were 176.78,271.12,66.09 and 4.12 U/g,respectively.Specific growth rate of 30％ Eichhornia crassipes Sioms fermentation group was 0.78％/d.The immune enzyme activity in the two test groups of 30％ Eichhornia crassipes Sioms were higher than that of the control group,and that of the fermentation group was the highest.The acid phosphatase,alkaline phosphatase,superoxide dismutase and nitricoxide synthase activity were 29.90 U/g,17.65 U/g,78.86 U/mg and 3.35 U/mg.Apostichopus japonicus feed with 30％ Eichhornia crassipes Sioms replacement of Sargassum and Sargassum thunbergii was feasible.%为降低刺参养殖成本,充分利用低值资源,对凤眼莲应用于刺参饲料的可行性做了初步研究,以30％、60％和100％凤眼莲替代马尾藻、鼠尾藻添加于饲料中,以常态和发酵两种形式饲喂刺参30 d,以自配的常规海藻型饲料作为对照组.结果表明:刺参饲料中以凤眼莲30％、60％替代马尾藻、鼠尾藻,刺参肠道各消化酶活力以凤眼莲30％替代马尾藻、鼠尾藻的发酵组酶活力最高,其蛋白酶、淀粉酶、纤维素酶和脂肪酶的最高值分别为176.78、271.12、66.09和4.12 U/g.特定生长率也以30％替代马尾藻、鼠尾藻发酵组0.78％/d为最高.免疫酶活性表明:凤眼莲30％替代马尾藻、鼠尾藻的2个试验组的免疫酶活性均高于对照组,最高的为发酵试验组,酸性磷酸酶、碱性磷酸酶、超氧化物歧化酶和一氧化氮合酶的活性分别为29.90U/g、17.65 U/g、78.86 U/mg和3.35 U/mg.在刺参饲料中以凤眼莲30％替代马尾藻、鼠尾藻是可行的.