通过血液采集技术提高《动物学》实验课学生的动手和创新能力

摘要

In Zoology experiment of higher agricultural university, carp, bullfrog and mice were commonly used as materials for vertebrate anatomic operations. Traditional Zoology experiment focuses on the comparative observations of morphological characters and internal organ structures of these animals, but rarely pays attention on hematological operations. Taking undergraduates from grades 2014 and 2015 of animal sciences and veterinary medicine as an example, combined with the research progress of a new discipline of ecological immunology, we added some experimental procedures in teaching of Zoology experiment, including collecting blood and making blood smears of the experimental animals mentioned above. By adding these experimental procedures, the utilization rate of the animal was improved, the learning interest of undergraduates was motivated, the operational ability of the undergraduates was enhanced, and the innovative thinking of the undergraduates was inspired. We strongly suggest that hematological operations should be added to future Zoology experiment as new teaching methods,on one hand, such experimental operations cost less; On the other hand, they have exercising value for undergraduates and are great challenge for their psychological quality, practical ability and innovation ability.%在高等农业院校的《动物学》实验课中，鲫鱼、牛蛙和小鼠是脊椎动物部分解剖的主要对象，传统的实验课注重各类动物外形和内部器官的比较观察，很少涉及血液学操作。以2014级和2015级动物科学和动物医学本科生为例，结合新兴学科生态免疫学的研究进展，在鲫鱼、牛蛙和小鼠实验部分增设血液采集和血液涂片制作等环节，提高了动物的利用率，引发了学生的学习兴趣，增强了学生的动手能力，激发了学生的创新思维，初步证明血液采集操作花费少，对学生的心理素质、动手和创新能力都是极大的挑战，锻炼价值大，建议在《动物学》实验课中加入该内容。