寄主植物对不同基因型麦长管蚜解毒酶活性的影响

摘要

为阐明麦长管蚜[Sitobion avenae (Fabricius)]取食不同寄主植物时体内解毒酶活性的变化,并探索寄主适应性的生理生化基础,以8种基因型麦长管蚜为研究对象,测定其1代或连续3代取食小麦、大麦、燕麦和黑麦草后,体内3种解毒酶[乙酰胆碱酯酶(AChE)、羧酸酯酶(CarE)和谷胱甘肽-S-转移酶(GST)]的活性.结果表明,麦长管蚜在4种麦类植物上饲养1代后,大麦对AChE和GST的诱导效果最显著,燕麦对CarE的诱导效果最显著.4种植物相比,大麦对麦长管蚜基因型1、2、3和8的AChE,基因型2、4、5、6和8的CarE,以及基因型1、3、5和6的GST的诱导效果较为显著.比较各寄主植物上第1代和第3代蚜虫的酶活性,发现4种寄主均对第1代蚜虫的CarE活性具有明显诱导效果;大麦对第1代蚜虫GST活性的诱导效果显著,但小麦、燕麦和黑麦草均对第3代蚜虫GST的诱导效果显著.因此,不同寄主植物对麦长管蚜体内3种解毒酶的诱导作用存在显著差异,且这种诱导作用与蚜虫的遗传背景、繁衍世代数及二者的交互作用均密切相关.%In order to explore physio-biochemical basis of potential adaptation for this aphid on different host plants,activities of three detoxification enzymes in Sitobion avenae were analyzed.We examined the detoxification enzyme activities of 8 different aphid genotypes reared for 1 to 3 generations on four kinds of host plants.i.e.,carboxylesterase(CarE),glutathione-S transferases(GST),and acetylcholinesterase(AChE).The results showed that higher activities of GST and AChE were induced by barley for first generation of S.avenae,whereas higher activities of CarE were found on oat for the same generation.Compared with the other test host plants,barley caused higher activities in AChE of genotypes 1,2,3 and 8,in CarE of genotypes 2,4,5,6 and 8,and in GST of genotypes 1,2,3 and 8.Comparisons between generations of S.avenae indicated the activities of CarE were higher on all of the test plants for generation one compared with those of generation three.Barley caused a high activity of GST for first generation,but GST activities were higher for third generation of the aphid on all the three plants.Differential responses to various host plants were identified for different families of detoxification enzymes in S.avenae,and the plant-dependent inductive effects were also closely related to genotypes and generations of aphid,as well as interactions among the factors.