不同发酵类型乳酸菌对低水分粳稻秸秆青贮发酵品质及有氧稳定性的影响

摘要

为探讨不同发酵类型乳酸菌对低水分粳稻(Oryza saliva subsp keng)秸秆发酵品质和有氧稳定性的影响,本试验以稻秸(含水量50.47％)为青贮材料,设有4组,即对照组(CS),布氏乳杆菌H4001组(HS,5×106 cfu·g-1FM),植物乳杆菌S2406组(SS,5×106 cfu·g-1 FM)及植物乳杆菌与布氏乳杆菌混合组(MS,5×106 cfu·g-1FM),发酵时间60 d,取青贮粳稻秸秆样品测定其青贮品质及有氧稳定性.结果表明:同型发酵乳酸菌植物乳杆菌S2409可显著降低青贮的pH值和氨态氮含量(P＜0.05),提高青贮的乳酸、粗蛋白和干物质含量(P＜0.05),而异型发酵乳酸菌布氏乳杆菌H4001可显著提高青贮的乙酸、水溶性碳水化合物和中性洗涤纤维的含量(P＜0.05).同型发酵乳酸菌和异型发酵乳酸菌在青贮开窖后可分别延长青贮的有氧稳定性时间36h、65 h.混合组发酵品质及有氧稳定性均显著优于对照组.结合不同情况单独或混合使用不同发酵类型乳酸菌可获得更加优质的青贮饲料.%The effects of different lactic acid bacteria on silage quality of low moisture rice(Oryza saliva subsp k eng)stalk (DM 49.53 ％) were studied.There were four treatments as followed:the control (CS),the Lactobacillus buchneri (HS,5)× 106 cfu · g-1 FM),the Lactobacillus Plantarum (SS,5 × 106 cfu · g-1 FM) and the Lactobacillus buchneri added in Lactobacillus Plantarum (MS,5 × 106 cfu · g-1 FM).Fermentation characteristics and aerobic stability were measured after 60 d ensiling.The results showed that inoculation of Lactobacillus plantarum (SS)had the lowest pH value and NHa-N (P＜0.05),the highest lactic acid,CP and DM content (P＜0.05).Inoculation of Lactobacillus buchneri (HS) increased acetic acid,WSC and NDF content (P＜0.05).Inoculation of homo-fermentative Lactobacillus plantarum with hetero-fermentative Lactobacillus Buchneri (MS) silage spoiled slower upon aerobic exposure than control did 36 h,65 h respectively.Mixture inoculation showed better effects than the control group which significantly improved fermentation characteristics and aerobic stability of rice stalk silage.Overall,the experiments indicated that inoculation of different lactic acid bacteria alone or mixed under different conditions correctly can improve silage quality.