宋代谢表及其政治功能

摘要

The Letter of Thanks in Song Dynasty was the writ chiefly used to express gratitude to the emperor by the officials when they were promoted or demoted, or got something good from the emperor. The routine Letter of Thanks often gave the officials a chance to express their feelings gently, and their literary quality,political experience and personal charisma also had an influence on the Letter of Thanks′writing. Besides thanksgiving,the Letter of Thanks in Song Dynasty had some political function which could be used to cover one′s fault or accuse someone, or used as written evidence to bring down some dissident person.%宋代谢表为臣僚所上谢皇帝恩惠之文书，包括官员升迁除拜、谪降贬徙，或生日受赐酒醴、封爵追赠等。谢表虽为例行文书，但臣僚常借以委婉地表达自己的心情，而官员个人的文学素养、仕宦经历、性格魅力等也会对谢表的内容有所影响。宋代谢表除表示谢恩外，还有一定的政治功能，它既可以“文饰己过”或“诬毁”他人，又可成为政敌攻击异己的文字证据。