Introduction
0.1 Research Background
0.2 Research Purpose and Methodology
0.3 Significance of the Research
0.4 Structure of the Research
Chapter 1 Literature Review
1.1 A Review of the Studies on Metaphor
1.1.1 The Origin and Development of Metaphor
1.1.2 Previous Cognitive Studies on Metaphor
1.2 A Review of the Studies on Five-element Culture
1.2.1 The Origin of Five-element Culture
1.2.2 The Principle of Five-element System
1.3 A Review of the Studies on Metaphors of PLANTS
1.3.1 Previous Studies on Metaphors of PLANTS in the Natural World
1.3.2 Previous Studies on Metaphors of PLANTS in Five-element Culture
1.4 Comments on Previous Studies
1.4.1 Merits of Previous Studies
1.4.2 Demerits of Previous Studies
Chapter 2 Theoretical Basis
2.1 Experiential Nature of Metaphor
2.2 Working Mechanism of Conceptual Metaphor
2.3 Properties of Conceptual Metaphor
2.3.1 Systematicity
2.3.2 Universality
2.3.3 Cultural Coherence
2.4 Summary
Chapter 3 Metaphorical Extensions of Plants in Five-element Culture
3.1 Extension to PEOPLE
3.1.1 ENEMY IS GRASS/TREE
3.1.2 FEMALE IS FLOWER/GRASS
3.1.3 MALE IS FLOWER/GRASS/TREE
3.2 Extension to CHARACTER
3.2.1 INCONSTANCY IS FLOWER/GRASS
3.2.2 IGNORANCE IS FLOWER/GRASS
3.2.3 NUMBNESS IS WOOD
3.2.4 CARELESSNESS IS GRASS
3.2.5 NOBLENESS IS FLOWER
3.2.6 HARDNESS IS FLOWER/GRASS/TREE
3.3 Extension to SOCIAL STATUS
3.3.1 POWER IS FLOWER/TREE/WOOD
3.3.2 HUMBLENESS IS GRASS
3.4 Extension to CHARACTERISTIC
3.4.1 TINY OBJECT IS FLOWER/GRASS/WOOD
3.4.2 CLUTTER IS FLOWER
3.5 Extension to PLACE
3.5.1 BROTHEL IS FLOWER
3.5.2 WILDNESS IS GRASS
3.6 Extension to EMOTION
3.6.1 EMOTION IS FLOWER
3.6.2 EMOTION IS GRASS
3.7 Extension to LIFE PROCESS
3.7.1 YOUTH IS FLOWER/GRASS
3.7.2 AGEDNESS IS FLOWER/TREE
3.9 Summary
Chapter 4 Interaction in Metaphorical Extensions and in Members of PLANTS in Five-element Culture
4.1 Interaction among Metaphorical Extensions of PLANTS
4.1.1 Interaction between PEOPLE and LIFE PROCESS
4.1.2 Interaction between PEOPLE and SOCIAL STATUS
4.1.3 Interaction between PEOPLE and EMOTION
4.1.4 Interaction between PEOPLE and CHARACTER
4.1.5 Interaction between SOCIAL STATUS and PLACE
4.1.6 Summary
4.2 Interaction between Members in each Metaphorical Extension of PLANTS
4.2.1 Interaction in PEOPLE
4.2.2 Interaction in SOCIAL STATUS
4.2.3 Interaction in CHARACTERISTIC
4.2.4 Interaction in EMOTION
4.3 Summary
Chapter 5 Cognitive Motivations of Conceptual Metaphors of PLANTS
5.1 Physical Experience
5.2 Cultural Experience
Conclusion
1. Work Done in the Research
2. Major Findings of the Research
3. Limitations and suggestions for the Research
参考文献
Appendix
致谢
声明
