关联理论视角下文化负载词的翻译策略——以《狼图腾》葛浩文的英译本为例

摘要

和谐社会需要相互理解，理解的前提是了解。在全球化的今天，不同民族的人能够相互理解越来越重要。在相互了解的过程中翻译扮演着十分重要的作用。而在翻译中，文化负载词的翻译又是重难点。本文试图从关联理论的角度探索文化负载词的翻译方法，以葛浩文翻译的《狼图腾》为例，总结其文化负载词翻译的规律。本文根据小说描写实际，将《狼图腾》中的文化负载词分为三类，历史相关的文化负载词，文化大革命及前后时期文化负载词以及蒙古族相关的文化负载词，并在关联理论的基础上分别分析了各类文化负载词翻译方法以及翻译规律。
　　通过分析，本文得出结论，译者根据目的语读者的认知语境，采取不同的翻译策略，使其理解原作者的交际意图。当文化负载词包含丰富的百科知识，而目的语读者凭借自己的认知能力不能理解这些词时，译者采用意译的方法保留文化负载词的暗含意义，舍弃其文化意象，16.0％的文化负载词采用此类意译的方法。当目的语读者可以根据自己的逻辑推理能力，拥有的百科知识及小说的语境推断出文化负载词的含义时，译者采用直译或直译加注的方法，在保证读者理解原作者交际意图的同时，尽可能的向西方读者展示中国的文化意象。30.3％的文化负载词采用了这种方法。当文化负载词包含的文化意义于目的语读者而言过于深奥，而理解这些意义需要读者付出巨大的认知努力时，译者在保证读者获得足够语境效果的同时，省掉这些文化负载词。历史相关的文化负载词多采取这种翻译方法，译文中26.6％的文化负载词采用了略译的方法。在《狼图腾》的译本中，人名、地名及朝代名多采取音译或音译加注的方法，25.5％的文化负载词采用了此种音译或音译加注的方法。
　　关联理论视角下《狼图腾》文化负载词翻译方法的研究揭示出了翻译方法与目的语读者认知环境的关系，为翻译策略的选择提供参考。

目录

声明

摘要

ABSTRACT

CONTENTS

CHAPTER ONE INTRODUCTION

1．1 Research Background

1．2 Definition of the Culture-loaded Expressions

1．3 Purose and Significance of the Study

1．4 Methods of the Study

1．5 Structure of this Thesis

CHAPTER TWO LITERATURE REVIEW

2．1 An Introduction to Wolf Totem

2．1．1 An Introduction to Jiang Rong and Lang Tuteng

2．1．2 An Introduction to Howard Goldblatt and the English Version-Wolf Totem

2．1．3 The Previous Researches on the Translation of Culture-loaded Expressions of Wolf Totem

2．2 Achievements in the Relevance Theory and Translation

2．2．1 The Development of the Relevance Theory

2．2．2 Studies on the Relevance-theoretic Approach to Translation

CHAPTER THREE THEORETICAL FRAMEWORK

3．1 The Key Concepts of Relevance Theory

3．1．1 Cognitive Environment

3．1．2 Ostensive-Inferential Communication and Contextual effect

3．1．3 The Principle of Relevance and Degree of Relevance：Effect and Effort

3．1．4 The Notion of Optimal Relevance and the Presumption of Optimal Relevance

3．2 Relevance Translation Theory

3．2．1 Translation as a Dual Ostensive-infevential Process

3．2．2 Translation as Inter-lingual Interpretive Use

3．2．3 Making Intentions and Expectations Meet

3．2．4 Principle of Translation—Pursuit of Optimal Relevance

CHAPTER FOUR GOLDBLATT’S TRANSLATION STRATEGIES OF CULTURE-LOADED EXPRESSIONS

4．1 Classification of Culture-loaded Expressions

4．1．1 The Historical-culture Related Expressions and Proverbs

4．1．2 The Great Cultural Revolution Related Expressions

4．1．3 The Mongolian Words and Expressions

4．2 Relevance Translation Theoretic View on Translation of Cunure-loaded Expressions

4．2．1 Under the Guidance of Optimal Relevance Principle

4．2．2 Matching Intentions with Target Readers’ Expectations

4．3 Translation Strategies of the Historical-culture Related Expressions and Provebs

4．3．1 Free Translation

4．3．2 Literal translation

4．3．3 Omission

4．3．4 Transliteration

4．4 Translation Strategies of the Great Cultural Revolution Related Expressions

4．4．1 Free Translation

4．4．2 Literal Translation

4．5 Translation Strategies of the Mongolian Words and Expressions

4．5．1 Literal Translation

4．5．2 Transliteration

4．6 Summary

CHAPTER FIVE CONCLUSION

5．1 Major Findings of the Present Study

5．2 Limitations of the Present Study

5．3 Suggestions for the Future Research

BIBLIOGRAPHY

ACKNOWLEDGEMENTS

PAPER PUBLISHED DURNG MA STUDIES