加纳教师职业选择影响因素研究

摘要

职业选择对个体而言是一个复杂的决定，教师这一职业选择也是其中之一。研究表明，对于职前教师而言，世界各地的学生通常面临着一个两难选择，而这一点不仅局限于学生群体，在职教师依然会面对职业选择的问题。本研究旨在探讨影响加纳教师职业选择的因素。其具体目标包括:
　　1）确定影响加纳职前和在职教师职业选择的主要因素;
　　2）找出影响教师职业选择的主要群体;
　　3）探寻职前或在职教师在面对职业不确定性、成为自我导向学习者、职业持久性和职业道德等问题的时候，其职业选择如何。
　　本研究采用随机抽样法，选择库马西市区两所教育学院的学生，每所学校的样本容量为75名，总共有150名参与者;同时还采取电话访谈的方式，共得到33名参与者回复（由21名在职教师和12名职前教师组成），每个参与者访谈时间持续18-30分钟。数据分析方面，本研究采用描述分析和定性、定量工具(SPSS和Microsoft Excel软件)对调研的数据进行分析处理。
　　对一些职前和在职教师的深入访谈表明，大多数参与者都强调对教师职业的热情、个人先前经历、性格类型和工作保障等均是影响职业选择的重要因素。研究结果还表明，家庭成员和其他个人对他们的教学生涯决策几乎没有或完全没有影响;事实上，大多数参与者都声称，由于工资和激励的限制，他们的父母不鼓励他们选择教师作为职业。另外，研究还发现，参与者职业选择在很大程度上受到了社会和经济条件因素的影响。在此基础上，本研究得出若干结论，并提出了相应的实践建议，以提高教师的职业素质和整体教育水平。

目录

声明

SUPERVISOR CERTIFICATION

DEDICATION

ACKNOWLEDGEMENT

Abstract

摘要

Contents

Chapter One：General Introduction

1．1 Background of the Study

1．2 Teaching as a profession

1．3 Statement of the problem

1．4 Objeetives of the study

1．5 Research questions

1．6 Purpose of the study

1．7 Justification of the Study

1．8 Scope of the Study

1．9 Organisation of the Study

Chapter Two：Literature Review

2．0 Introduction

2．1 Geography，Culture and Demography

2．2 Factors Influencing Career Choice

2．3 Theories of Career Choice and Development

2．3．3 Ethics of the Teaching Profession as an Influence

2．4 Definitions of a teacher

2．5 Qualities of a Good Teacher

2．5．1 Should be Knowledgeable in Terms of What He／She is Teaching

2．5．2 Should Know the Teaching Methodologies as well as Education Psychology

2．7．3 Should Have a Sense of Humour and Love to His Pupils

2．8 The Meaning of Teacher Education

2．9 The Nature of Teacher Education

2．10 The Need of Teacher Education

2．11 Pre-service Teacher Training

2．12 Conceptual framework

Chapter Three：Research Methodology

3．1 Introduction

3．2 Research Design

3．3 Population and Sampling Design

3．3．1 Population and Site

3．3．2 Sampling Frame and Sample Size

3．3．3 Reliability of the research Instruments

3．4．1 Quantitative

3．4．2 Qualitative data collection

3．5 Data collection process

3．6 Data analysis

3．7 Ethical consideration

Chapter Four：Results and Discussion

4．0 Introduction

4．1 Demographic Characteristics of the Respondents

4．2 Main factors influencing pre and in-service teachers’ career choice

4．3 Main people influencing teachers’ career choice

4．4 Factors Analysis of Who Becomes a Teacher in Ghana’s Educational Sector

4．5 Social Economical as a Factors Influencing Career Choice of Teachers in Ghana

4．6 Educational Factor Influencing Teacher Career Choice in Ghana

Chapter Five：Summary，Conclusion and Recommendations

5．0 Introduction

5．1 Summary and Justificationof the Findings

5．1．1 Key influences of career choice on the teaching profession

5．1．2 Limited influence of others including family on career choice

5．1．3 Factors Determining who becomes a Teacher in Ghana

5．1．4 Factors Accounting for Current Policy and Teacher’s Educational Sector Types

5．2 Conclusion

5．3 Recommendations

5．4 Limitations and future research

References

Appendix