Modeling Facial Expression of Uncertainty in Conversational Animation

摘要

Building animated conversational agents requires developing a fine-grained analysis of the motions and meanings available to interlocutors in face-to-face conversation and implementing strategies for using these motions and meanings to communicate effectively. In this paper, we sketch our efforts to characterize people's facial displays of uncertainty in face-to-face conversation. We analyze empirical data from human-human conversation and extend our platform for conversational animation, including RUTH (the Rutgers University Talking Head), to simulate what we find. This methodology leads to a range of new insights into the structure, timing, expressive content and communicative function of facial actions.