Pharmacokinetics and distribution of enrofloxacin, and its active metabolite, using an in vivo ultrafiltration sampling technique after injection of enrofloxacin to pigs

摘要

Enrofloxacin is approved in pigs for treatment and control of swine respiratory disease (SRD) associated with Actinobacillus pleuropneumoniae, Pasteurella multocida, Haemophilus parasuis, and Streptococcus suis. Efficacy and microbiologic data (MIC distribution) have been established for these pathogens in pigs and reviewed by Papich & Riviere. Pharmacokinetic data has been reported on the total plasma concentrations in pigs. However, these published studies different doses and routes than the current approved dose in pigs of 7.5 mg/kg once subcutaneously (SC). These published pharmacokinetic results have limited value for predicting the active drug concentration at the site of infection because tissue concentrations were not measured. If tissue concentrations were measured at all, they were determined after the animals were sacrificed and the tissues homogenized. These concentrations do not predict activity at the site of infection. Another study measured enrofloxacin in respiratory secretions, but did not measure protein binding or examine interstitial fluid concentrations.