The invention relates to a device for preparing a sample (1) that can be used for extracting, functionalising, evaporating and optionally transferring organic molecules contained in a sample in order to analyse the same. The device for preparing a sample (1) is characterised in that it comprises: a sealed reactor including a means for feeding a sample containing the organic molecules; at least one sealed inlet (13) and one sealed outlet (14) connected to said reactor and used for circulating a flushing fluid through said reactor; a means (10) for heating said reactor at an average speed of 10 to 50°C/second; a means (35) for cooling down said reactor at an average speed of 10 to 50°C/second; a means for controlling and monitoring the temperature in the reactor; and a means for controlling the pressure in the reactor. The invention also relates to an analysis system including at least one device for preparing a sample (1) and at least one analysis instrument.
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