PROBLEM TO BE SOLVED: To provide method and apparatus for a biological treatment of 1,4-dioxane-containing organic waste water, by which 1,4-dioxane in waste water can be stably decomposition-treated in a shorter period of time while maintaining high activity of 1,4-dioxane decomposition bacteria.SOLUTION: A biological treatment method for 1,4-dioxane-containing organic waste water includes: a first treatment process of obtaining a first treatment solution 3 by treating 1,4-dioxane-containing organic waste water 1 in a first aeration tank 2 containing active sludge; a second treatment process of obtaining a second treatment solution 5 by loading the first treatment solution 3 into a second aeration tank 4 containing a microorganism carrier carrying microorganism for decomposing 1,4-dioxane and active sludge so as to decompose the 1,4-dioxane in the first treatment solution 3 by the microorganism carrier in the presence of the active sludge; a solid-liquid separation process of obtaining treatment water 7 and concentrated sludge 8 by subjecting the second treatment solution 5 to solid-liquid separation; and a return process of returning the concentrated sludge 8 into the first aeration tank 2.
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