Disclosed are a device and method to recognize a location of a mobile robot using a feature point based on approximated difference of Gaussian (ADoG). According to the present invention, the device to recognize the location of a mobile robot comprises: two cameras which obtain a pair of stereo images for an area of interest including a vertical and a horizontal direction in accordance to an operation of a mobile robot; and a location recognizing part which smoothens the obtained stereo images to obtain a smoothing image from the smoothed results, extracts an edge by comparing the smoothing image with the original stereo images, and estimates the present location of the mobile robot based on the extracted edge.
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