Black Phosphorus Crystal Having High Photoelectric Response Rate, Two-Dimensional Black Phosphorus PN Junction, and Preparation Method and Use Thereof

摘要

A black phosphorus crystal having a high photoelectric response rate, a two-dimensional black phosphorus PN junction, and preparation method and use thereof. The black phosphorus crystal having a high photoelectric response rate is a single crystal with a spatial point group Cmca (No. 64), cell parameters a=3.2-3.4 Å, b=10.4-10.6 Å, c=4.3-4.5 Å, and an interlayer spacing of 4-6 Å, and is characterized by a high photoelectric response rate, an adjustable semiconductor type, and the like. Its preparation method is simple with a mild condition, a high yield, a low cost, and less pollution. The two-dimensional black phosphorus PN junction comprises a two-dimensional black phosphorus film, a first area of the film forming an n-type semiconductor by n-type doping, a second area of the film is maintained as a p-type semiconductor, and the first area is adjacent to the second area, to enable the n-type semiconductor to be combined with the p-type semiconductor to form the PN junction. The two-dimensional black phosphorus PN junction has properties, such as a unidirectional conductivity, or a special photovoltaic effect. The preparation method is simple, and efficient with a good repeatability, and is compatible with a conventional semiconductor technology. The black phosphorus crystal and the two-dimensional black phosphorus PN junction according to the disclosure have extensive application prospects in photoelectric and electronic fields.