Back-pressure control of traffic signal, which computesthe control phase to apply based on the real-time queuelengths, has been proposed recently. Features of it include (i)provably maximum stability, (ii) low computational complexity,(iii) no requirement of prior knowledge in traffic demand, and(iv) requirement of only local information at each intersection.The latter three points enable it to be completely distributedover intersections. However, one major issue preventing backpressurecontrol from being used in practice is the utilizationof the intersection, especially if the control phase period isfixed, as is considered in existing works. In this paper, wepropose a utilization-aware adaptive algorithm of back-pressuretraffic signal control, which makes the duration of the controlphase adaptively dependent on the real-time queue lengthsand strives for high utilization of the intersection. Whileadvantages embedded in the back-pressure control are kept,we prove that this algorithm is work-conserving and achievesthe maximum utilization. Simulation results on an isolatedintersection show that the proposed adaptive algorithm hasbetter control performance than the fixed-period back-pressurecontrol presented in previous works.
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