Modélisation et Commande du Système d'Alimentation en Air pour le Module de Puissance d'un Véhicule à Pile à Combustible avec Reformage Embarqué

摘要

The thesis issues explained in this report concern physical modelling and multivariable control of a complex thermo-pneumatic system in an automotive context. Work has been led within the framework of an industrial collaboration between the Automatic Control Department of Supelec and the Research Department of Renault, and has for main application the air supply system of a fuel cell vehicle with on-board fuel reformer. It is necessary to state that design and control development of such a system determine in a significant way the characteristics and the performances of an electrical fuel cell vehicle, and that the complexity increases when the storage of high-pressure compressed hydrogen is substituted in the vehicle by the on-board production of reformed hydrogen.The various steps of the thesis have first permitted to develop representative and dynamic models of inherent nonlinearities and couplings of acoustic phenomena in the compressible fluids, and to identify the models of the various actuators and sensors specified for this application. A reduced model has been deduced from the global nonlinear model of the air system, and thus used as support of the analysis and the multivariable strategies synthesis. This control approach is clearly justified by decoupling action of actuators effects, and by capability to respect dynamic specifications.An important part of the work has consisted in setting up a test bench - representative of considered air supply system and well-adapted to future demands linked to vehicle integration. Thanks to this experimental means, the various components that should be integrated in the fuel cell system of the RESPIRE project (Reduction of Emissions by Fuel Cell System and Fuel Reformer) have been evaluated, and the air system models and control laws developed during the thesis have been validated.