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Investigation of 3D electrical impedance mammography systems for breast cancer detection

机译:用于乳腺癌检测的三维电阻抗乳腺摄影系统的研究

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摘要

Breast cancer is a major disease in women worldwide with a high rate of mortality, second only to lung cancer. Hence, there is considerable interest in developing non-invasive breast cancer detection methods with the aim of identifying breast cancer at an early stage, when it is most treatable. Electrical impedance mammography (EIM) is a relatively new medical imaging method for breast cancer detection. It is a safe, painless, non-invasive, non-ionizing imaging modality, which visualizes the internal conductivity distribution of the breast under investigation. Currently some EIM systems are in clinical trials but not commercialized, as there are still many challenges with sensitivity, spatial resolution and detectability. The research in this thesis aims to enhance and optimize EIM systems in order to address the current challenges.ududAn enhanced image reconstruction algorithm using the duo-mesh method is developed. Both in simulations and real cases of phantoms and patients, the enhanced algorithm has proven more accurate and sensitive than the former algorithm and effective in improving vertical resolution for the EIM system with a planar electrode array. To evaluate the performance of the EIM system and the image reconstruction algorithms, an image processing based error analysis method is developed, which can provide an intuitive and accurate method to evaluate the reconstructed image and outline the shape of the object of interest.ududTwo novel EIM systems are studied, which aim to improve the spatial resolution and the detectability of a tumour deep in the breast volume. These are: rotary planar-electrode-array EIM (RPEIM) system and combined electrode array EIM (CEIM) system. The RPEIM system permits the planar electrode array to rotate in the horizontal plane, which can dramatically increase the number of independent measurements, hence improving the spatial resolution. To support the rotation of the planner electrode array, a synchronous mesh method is developed. The CEIM system has a planar electrode array and a ring electrode array operated independently or together. It has three operational modes. This design provides enhanced detectability of a tumour deep within the tissue, as required for a large volume breast. The studies of the RPEIM system and the CEIM system are based on close-to-realistic digital breast phantoms, which comprise of skin, nipple, ducts, acini, fat and tumour. This approach makes simulations very close to a clinical trial of the technology.
机译:乳腺癌是全世界女性的主要疾病,死亡率很高,仅次于肺癌。因此,对于开发非侵入性乳腺癌检测方法有相当大的兴趣,目的是在最可治疗的早期阶段识别乳腺癌。电阻抗钼靶X线照相术(EIM)是一种相对较新的用于乳腺癌检测的医学成像方法。这是一种安全,无痛,无创,无电离的成像方式,可可视化所研究乳房的内部电导率分布。目前,一些EIM系统正在临床试验中,但尚未商业化,因为灵敏度,空间分辨率和可检测性仍然存在许多挑战。本文的研究旨在增强和优化EIM系统,以解决当前的挑战。 ud ud开发了一种使用双网格方法的增强图像重建算法。在模拟以及幻像和患者的实际案例中,与以前的算法相比,增强算法已被证明更准确,更灵敏,并且对于提高带有平面电极阵列的EIM系统的垂直分辨率有效。为了评估EIM系统和图像重建算法的性能,开发了一种基于图像处理的错误分析方法,该方法可以提供一种直观,准确的方法来评估重建的图像并勾勒出感兴趣对象的形状。 ud研究了两个新颖的EIM系统,旨在提高乳房深部肿瘤的空间分辨率和可检测性。它们是:旋转平面电极阵列EIM(RPEIM)系统和组合电极阵列EIM(CEIM)系统。 RPEIM系统允许平面电极阵列在水平面内旋转,这可以显着增加独立测量的次数,从而提高空间分辨率。为了支持平面电极阵列的旋转,开发了一种同步网格方法。 CEIM系统具有独立地或一起操作的平面电极阵列和环形电极阵列。它具有三种操作模式。根据大体积乳房的要求,这种设计可增强组织内深处肿瘤的可检测性。 RPEIM系统和CEIM系统的研究基于接近真实的数字化乳房幻象,该幻象由皮肤,乳头,导管,腺泡,脂肪和肿瘤组成。这种方法使仿真非常接近于该技术的临床试验。

著录项

  • 作者

    Zhang Xiaolin;

  • 作者单位
  • 年度 2015
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  • 原文格式 PDF
  • 正文语种 en
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