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Why Do Some Bikers Wear a Helmet and Others Don't? Evidence from Delhi, India

机译:为什么有些骑自行车的人戴头盔而其他人不戴?来自印度德里的证据

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摘要

In many domains risky health behavior is still only poorly understood. Analysis is often plagued by incomplete data and a general lack of information. In this study; we try to understand the determinants of helmet use among motorcyclists in Delhi; a context in which road safety is very low. We use a very detailed data set collected especially for the purpose of the study. To guide our empirical analysis; we rely on a simple model in which drivers decide on their speed and helmet use. The empirical findings suggest that risk averse individuals are more likely to wear a helmet. We do not find any systematic effect of risk aversion on speed. Both findings are coherent with our theoretical model. Helmet use also increases with education. Drivers who show a higher awareness of road risks; because for instance; they are better informed about Delhi's actual road traffc accident fatality and injury rates; are both more likely to wear a helmet and to speed less. In turn; those drivers who show a high level of unawareness take the highest risks. Controlling for risk awareness; we observe that drivers tend to compensate between speed and helmet use. The most obvious solution to India's road safety problem and the related high social costs that result from it is to enforce the helmet law and speed limits. An alternative strategy; and probably more feasible in the current context; is to design interventions which raise awareness of road risks. Improvements to the road infrastructure are also a possible solution but these measures bear the risk that drivers will react to the improved road safety by either increasing speed or lowering helmet use.
机译:在许多领域,对危险健康行为的了解仍然很少。分析经常受到数据不完整和普遍缺乏信息的困扰。在这个研究中;我们试图了解德里摩托车手使用头盔的决定因素;道路安全非常低的环境。我们使用特别收集的非常详细的数据集进行研究。指导我们的经验分析;我们依靠一个简单的模型,在该模型中,驾驶员可以决定自己的速度和头盔使用情况。实证结果表明,厌恶风险的人更可能戴头盔。我们没有发现规避风险对速度有任何系统性影响。两项发现均与我们的理论模型一致。随着教育程度的提高,头盔的使用也有所增加。对道路风险有更高认识的驾驶员;因为例如他们可以更好地了解德里的实际道路交通事故死亡人数和受伤率;戴头盔的速度和速度都较慢。反过来;那些表现出高度不了解的驾驶员承担最高的风险。控制风险意识;我们观察到驾驶员倾向于在速度和头盔使用之间进行补偿。解决印度道路安全问题以及由此产生的相关高额社会成本的最明显方法是强制执行头盔法和限速措施。替代策略;在当前情况下可能更可行;设计旨在提高人们对道路风险意识的干预措施。改善道路基础设施也是一种可能的解决方案,但是这些措施存在风险,即驾驶员会通过提高速度或降低头盔使用率来对改善的道路安全做出反应。

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