This study was aimed at investigating the neural correlates of regret and disappointment by using magnetoencephalography (MEG), while playing a gambling task. To do this, we experimentally induced each emotion by manipulating feedback (chosen gamble vs. unchosen gamble), agency (human vs. computer choice) and outcomes (win vs. loss) in a fully randomized design. Findings showed that both feedback and agency manipulations affect regret and disappointment, within 190-305 ms after the feedback presentation, with feedback regret showing greater brain activity in the right anterior and posterior regions, and agency regret producing greater activity in the left anterior region. These findings extend the evidence for neural activity in processing both regret and disappointment by highlighting for the first time the respective importance of feedback and agency, as well as outlining the temporal dynamics of these emotions.
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