融和へ向かう清代詩学について　 ー王士禎から沈徳潜ー

摘要

The poetic schools in Ming dynasty asserted themselves exclusively and tended to be polarized intheir ways of thinking. “Qianhou Qizi”（ 前後七子） emphasized that “The prose style should followthe styles of Qin and Han dynasties. Poetry should be like the poems in glorious age of Tangdynasty.” In opposition to this assertion, “Gonganpai” （公安派） insisted that “All of good prosewritings and poems were created by the scholars in Song and Yuan dynasties.” Each side stuck toits own opinion and the gap between them was huge. In Qing dynasty the poetic schools sought toreconcile the two opposite arguments in the literary world in Ming dynasty into the more impartialpoetics. Wang Shizhen （王士禎） declared that other dynasties also produced outstanding poetryand great poets as well as Tang dynasty. One of the good examples of such great poets of Qingdynasty is Shen Deqian（沈徳潜） who edited an anthology of poems from the Tang period especiallyappraising the merits of various poems impartially.” He also adopted the Shenyun Shuo（神韻説） ofWang into his poetic theory when he made another anthology of poetry. Obviously, different fromthe thinking ways of Qianhou Qizi and Gonganpai which go to both extremes, these impartialattitudes of Wang and Shen toward the poetry in former ages show the eclectic and comprehensivetrend of the poetics of Qing dynasty. Wang edited such important anthologies as Gushi Xuan（ 古詩選）and Tangxian Sanweiji （唐賢三昧集）. Shen’s main works include several poetry anthologies likeTangshi Bicaiji（ 唐詩別裁集）. Those collections definitely presented their poetics and appraisal ofthe poetry. This article intends to follow the development of the poetics from Wang to Shen in earlyQing dynasty examining their editing ways of anthologies regarding their poetic theories.