The Pain Ambulatory Monitoring Survey: Development and validation of an instrument for momentary within-day assessments of pain and cognitive-behavioral factors

摘要

Objectives & Methods The Pain Ambulatory Monitoring Survey (PAMS), a questionnaire measuring outcomes and mechanisms relevant to cognitive-behavioural models of chronic pain, was developed and validated over two studies. PAMS was designed for use over repeated momentary assessments via electronic diaries (PDAs). The first study aimed to support the factor structure and internal validity of multi-item scales in a mixed chronic pain sample completing a once-off questionnaire-based version of the PAMS scales. The second study aimed to validate average scores from one week of PAMS diary monitoring against a battery of standard questionnaires, in a mixed chronic pain sample. Results The first study revealed clear factor structure for all multi-item PAMS scales and adequate to excellent internal consistency. In the final study, the PAMS scales demonstrated adequate to excellent convergence with standardised questionnaires. Discussion The current set of studies describes a monitoring instrument that assesses pain and certain key functional consequences and cognitive-behavioural mechanisms in a brief yet valid way, making it suitable for use in intensive diary-based studies. The current study sets the stage for further theoretical work exploring the within-person relationships between pain, functioning, and cognitive-behavioural factors.