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Revising the Intolerance of Uncertainty Model of Generalized Anxiety Disorder: Evidence from UK and Italian Undergraduate Samples

机译:修订广义焦虑症的不确定性模型的不容忍度:来自英国和意大利大学生样本的证据

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摘要

The Intolerance of Uncertainty Model (IUM) of Generalized Anxiety Disorder (GAD) attributes a key role to Intolerance of Uncertainty (IU), and additional roles to Positive Beliefs about Worry (PBW), Negative Problem Orientation (NPO), and Cognitive Avoidance (CA), in the development and maintenance of worry, the core feature of GAD. Despite the role of the IUM components in worry and GAD has been considerably demonstrated, to date no studies have explicitly assessed whether and how PBW, NPO, and CA might turn IU into worry and somatic anxiety. The current studies sought to re-examine the IUM by assessing the relationships between the model’s components on two different non-clinical samples made up of UK and Italian undergraduate students. One-hundred and seventy UK undergraduates and 488 Italian undergraduates completed measures assessing IU, worry, somatic anxiety, depression, and refined measures of PBW, NPO, and CA. In each sample, two mediation models were conducted in order to test whether PBW, NPO, and CA differentially mediate the path from IU to worry and the path from IU to somatic anxiety. Secondly, it was tested whether IU also moderates the mediations. Main findings showed that, in the UK sample, only NPO mediated the path from IU to worry; as far as concern the path to anxiety, none of the putative mediators was significant. Differently, in the Italian sample PBW and NPO were mediators in the path from IU to worry, whereas only CA played a mediational role in the path from IU to somatic anxiety. Lastly, IU was observed to moderate only the association between NPO and worry, and only in the Italian sample. Some important cross-cultural, conceptual, and methodological issues raised from main results are discussed.
机译:广泛性焦虑症(GAD)的不确定性模型(IUM)的不确定性归因于不确定性(IU)的关键性作用,以及对忧虑的积极信念(PBW),负面问题取向(NPO)和认知回避( CA),在开发和维护方面,GAD的核心功能。尽管已充分证明了IUM成分在焦虑和GAD中的作用,但迄今为止,尚无任何研究明确评估PBW,NPO和CA是否以及如何使IU成为焦虑和躯体焦虑症。当前的研究试图通过评估由英国和意大利大学生组成的两个不同的非临床样本上的模型组成之间的关系来重新检查IUM。一百零七名英国大学生和488名意大利大学生完成了评估IU,忧虑,躯体焦虑,抑郁和PBW,NPO和CA的精确测量的措施。在每个样本中,进行了两种中介模型,以测试PBW,NPO和CA是否差异化介导了从IU到忧虑的路径以及从IU到躯体焦虑的路径。其次,测试了IU是否也主持调解。主要研究结果表明,在英国样本中,只有NPO介导了从IU到忧虑的路径;而在NPO中,只有NPO可以介导从IU到忧虑的路径。至于焦虑的途径,没有一个假定的调解人是重要的。不同的是,在意大利的样本中,PBW和NPO是从IU到忧虑的中介,而只有CA在从IU到躯体焦虑的路上起中介作用。最后,仅在意大利的样本中,观察到IU仅减轻了NPO与忧虑之间的联系。讨论了主要结果中提出的一些重要的跨文化,概念和方法问题。

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