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Development of reproductive structures in the introduced green alga, Codium fragile ssp. tomentosoides, in the northern Adriatic Sea

机译:引进的绿藻脆弱小球藻生殖结构的发育。绒毛,在亚得里亚海北部

摘要

Biological invasions are among the most important drivers of global change. The introduced green alga, Codium fragile ssp. tomentosoides, has become an important component of low-shore assemblages on hard coastal defence structures along the north-west coast of the Adriatic Sea. We investigated the temporal dynamics, the spatial scales of variation and the effects of wave exposure on the abundance of reproductive structures of C. fragile. Furthermore, we assessed whether the reproductive output of C. fragile was correlated with the density of thalli. On the landward side of breakwaters, gametangia were found on thalli of C. fragile from June to September in both 2003 and 2004. Although there was some variation among breakwaters, the abundance of gametangia of C. fragile was greater on the landward than on the seaward side of breakwaters. Scales of variation in the number of gametangia and density of thalli of C. fragile were similar, with most of the variability occurring at a scale of tens of cm. Little variation emerged at larger (tens or hundreds of m) or smaller scales (within thalli, cm). The results of this study indicate that the provision of sheltered rocky habitats has been crucial for the establishment of C. fragile in the northern Adriatic Sea, enabling the alga to grow and reproduce. Processes operating at small spatial scales are responsible for patterns of variation in the number of gametangia and density of thalli of C. fragile. The tendency for a positive correlation between density of thalli and reproductive output in C. fragile in August suggests that greater densities of plants could ameliorate harsh environmental conditions during daytime low tides, fostering reproduction.
机译:生物入侵是全球变化的最重要驱动力之一。引入的绿藻,脆弱的小球藻。绒毛类已经成为亚得里亚海西北海岸坚硬的沿海防御结构上低海岸组合的重要组成部分。我们调查了时间动态,空间尺度的变化和波暴露对脆弱的C.生殖结构的丰度的影响。此外,我们评估了脆弱的梭状芽胞杆菌的繁殖产量是否与塔利的密度有关。在防波堤的陆侧,2003年和2004年的6月至9月,在脆弱的C.thalli上发现了野味,尽管防波堤之间存在一些差异,但陆上的C.脆弱的配子丰富度比在防波堤上大。防波堤的海边。脆弱隐孢子虫的配子体数目和th的密度变化的尺度相似,其中大多数变化发生在几十厘米的尺度上。在较大(数十或数百米)或更小的尺度(在塔里厘米以内),几乎没有变化。这项研究的结果表明,提供庇护的岩石栖息地对于在亚得里亚海北部建立脆弱的梭状芽胞杆菌至关重要,从而使藻类得以生长和繁殖。在小空间尺度上运行的过程是导致脆果梭菌的配子数目和塔利密度变化的模式的原因。 8月脆弱的梭状芽胞杆菌的密度与生殖产量之间呈正相关趋势,这表明较高的植物密度可以缓解白天退潮期间恶劣的环境条件,从而促进繁殖。

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