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Modeling the stratospheric warming following the Mt. Pinatubo eruption: uncertainties in aerosol extinctions

机译:模拟山顶平流层变暖。皮纳图博火山喷发:气溶胶绝灭的不确定性

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摘要

In terms of atmospheric impact, the volcanic eruption of Mt. Pinatubo (1991) is the best characterized large eruption on record. We investigate here the model-derived stratospheric warming following the Pinatubo eruption as derived from SAGE II extinction data including recent improvements in the processing algorithm. This method, termed SAGE_4λ, makes use of the four wavelengths (385, 452, 525 and 1024 nm) of the SAGE II data when available, and uses a data-filling procedure in the opacity-induced "gap" regions. Using SAGE_4λ, we derived aerosol size distributions that properly reproduce extinction coefficients also at much longer wavelengths. This provides a good basis for calculating the absorption of terrestrial infrared radiation and the resulting stratospheric heating. However, we also show that the use of this data set in a global chemistry–climate model (CCM) still leads to stronger aerosol-induced stratospheric heating than observed, with temperatures partly even higher than the already too high values found by many models in recent general circulation model (GCM) and CCM intercomparisons. This suggests that the overestimation of the stratospheric warming after the Pinatubo eruption may not be ascribed to an insufficient observational database but instead to using outdated data sets, to deficiencies in the implementation of the forcing data, or to radiative or dynamical model artifacts. Conversely, the SAGE_4λ approach reduces the infrared absorption in the tropical tropopause region, resulting in a significantly better agreement with the post-volcanic temperature record at these altitudes.
机译:就大气影响而言,富士山的火山喷发。皮纳图博(Pinatubo,1991)是有史以来最具特征的大喷发。我们在此调查了根据SAGE II灭绝数据(包括最近在处理算法中的改进)得出的皮纳图博火山喷发之后的模型衍生的平流层变暖。此方法称为SAGE_4λ,在可用时利用SAGE II数据的四个波长(385、452、525和1024 nm),并在不透明性引起的“间隙”区域中使用数据填充过程。使用SAGE_4λ,我们得出了可以在更长的波长下正确再现消光系数的气溶胶尺寸分布。这为计算地面红外辐射的吸收和由此产生的平流层加热提供了良好的基础。但是,我们还表明,在全球化学-气候模型(CCM)中使用此数据集仍会导致比平常观测到的更强的气溶胶诱发的平流层加热,温度甚至比许多模型中已经发现的太高最近的一般流通模型(GCM)和CCM比较。这表明,皮纳图博火山喷发后平流层变暖的高估可能不是由于观测数据库不足,而是由于使用了过时的数据集,强迫数据实施上的不足,或者是辐射或动力学模型伪像。相反,SAGE_4λ方法减少了热带对流层顶区域的红外吸收,从而导致与这些高度的火山后温度记录的一致性更好。

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