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Efficacy of Electrocuting Devices to Catch Tsetse Flies (Glossinidae) and Other Diptera

机译:电击设备捕获采采蝇(蝇科)和其他双翅类的功效

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摘要

Background:\udThe behaviour of insect vectors has an important bearing on the epidemiology of the diseases they transmit, and on the opportunities for vector control. Two sorts of electrocuting device have been particularly useful for studying the behaviour of tsetse flies (Glossina spp), the vectors of the trypanosomes that cause sleeping sickness in humans and nagana in livestock. Such devices consist of grids on netting (E-net) to catch tsetse in flight, or on cloth (E-cloth) to catch alighting flies. Catches are most meaningful when the devices catch as many as possible of the flies potentially available to them, and when the proportion caught is known. There have been conflicting indications for the catching efficiency, depending on whether the assessments were made by the naked eye or assisted by video recordings.\ud\udMethodology/Principal Findings:\udUsing grids of 0.5m2 in Zimbabwe, we developed catch methods of studying the efficiency of E-nets and E-cloth for tsetse, using improved transformers to supply the grids with electrical pulses of ~40kV. At energies per pulse of 35–215mJ, the efficiency was enhanced by reducing the pulse interval from 3200 to 1ms. Efficiency was low at 35mJ per pulse, but there seemed no benefit of increasing the energy beyond 70mJ. Catches at E-nets declined when the fine netting normally used became either coarser or much finer, and increased when the grid frame was moved from 2.5cm to 27.5cm from the grid. Data for muscoids and tabanids were roughly comparable to those for tsetse.\ud\udConclusion/Significance:\udThe catch method of studying efficiency is useful for supplementing and extending video methods. Specifications are suggested for E-nets and E-cloth that are ~95% efficient and suitable for estimating the absolute numbers of available flies. Grids that are less efficient, but more economical, are recommended for studies of relative numbers available to various baits.
机译:背景:昆虫媒介的行为与它们传播的疾病的流行病学以及媒介控制的机会有着重要的关系。两种电击装置对于研究采采蝇(Gsetina spp)的行为特别有用,采采蝇是导致人类昏睡病和牲畜长假的锥虫载体。此类设备由网状(E-net)上的网格组成,以捕捉飞行中的采采蝇,或由布状(E-cloth)上的网格捕获上落的苍蝇。当设备捕捉到尽可能多的潜在蝇蝇并且捕捉到的比例已知时,捕捉才最有意义。捕捞效率存在相互矛盾的迹象,具体取决于评估是用肉眼还是通过录像辅助进行的。\ ud \ ud方法论/主要发现:\ ud在津巴布韦使用0.5m2的网格,我们开发了捕捞方法使用改进的变压器为电网提供〜40kV的电脉冲,从而提高采采蝇的电子网络和电子布的效率。在35–215mJ的每个脉冲能量下,通过将脉冲间隔从3200减少到1ms,可以提高效率。效率低至每个脉冲35mJ,但将能量增加到70mJ以上似乎没有任何好处。当通常使用的细网变得更粗糙或更细时,E-net上的捕捉减少,而当网格框架从网格移到2.5cm到27.5cm时,E-net的捕捉增加。粘胶和烟巴胺的数据与采采蝇的数据大致相当。\ ud \ ud结论/意义:\ ud学习效率的catch方法对于补充和扩展视频方法很有用。建议使用约95%的效率的E-net和E-cloth规格,以适合估计可用苍蝇的绝对数量。建议使用效率较低但较经济的网格来研究各种诱饵可用的相对数量。

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