Fate of 'Bacillus sphaericus' 2362 Spores in Nontarget Invertebrates

摘要

Predatory stonefly larvae (Paragnetina media) acquired Bacillus sphaericus sporesby eating spore-laden midge larvae. Leaf-shredding stonefly larvae (Pteronarcys proteus) and cranefly larvae (Tipula abdominalis) acquired spores by feeding on contaminated leaf discs. Upon switching to uncontaminated diets, both stonefly larvae eliminated the spores. Cranefly larvae, however, retained 18% of the spores in the posterior gut for up to 5 weeks, although spores were eliminated from the highly alkaline foregut. Spores recovered in cranefly fecal material had lost toxicity to mosquito larvae. (Copyright (c) Springer-Verlag 1992.)