Finite Element Modeling of Motor Vehicles. Protocol for Developing INGRID DataInput Decks for DYNA3D Computer Code

摘要

Techniques and procedures to develop finite element models of motor vehicles inINGRID preprocessor for DYNA3D computer code are presented in this report. DYNA3D is a powerful, nonlinear, explicit finite element code, which is used by FHWA for computer simulation of vehicle impacts. The Protocol developed provides a systematic guidance to developing finite element models useful for impact simulations. A model of 1992 Ford Festiva is used as an example to illustrate the development process. The Ford Festiva is a member of the 820c class of vehicles defined in NCHRP Report 350. Three full scale crash tests of Ford Festiva were performed at the Federal Outdoor Impact Laboratory (FOIL) and results are available from the National Crash Analysis Center (NCAC). These results were used for validation of the 820c finite element model. The protocol uses a front bumper, a right frame horn and a front wheel of the Ford Festiva as representative examples of almost 30 parts used to build the model. These parts were used to illustrate a concept of geometric modeling in INGRID, which is a public domain pre-processor to DYNA3D. Four DYNA3D material types, which are the most popular for impact modeling, were also discussed. The report examines the use of the DYNA3D sliding surfaces, control and interactive commands and provides listing of two short, illustrative data input decks for DYNA3D. A complete listing of the 820c model is included in the appendix. The report examines all major characteristics of the 820c impact with a rigid pole. Differences between full scale crash tests and DYNA3D computer simulation results are examined. A quantitative validation procedure is proposed for evaluation of the performance of the model.