Supercritical Fluid Extraction of Organic Compounds from Solids and AqueousSolutions

摘要

In this thesis, the extraction of organic compounds from solid and liquidmatrices using supercritical carbon dioxide as a solvent was studied. Dense carbon dioxide is a very good solvent for the cyclic amide, 6-caprolactam. 6-caprolactam exhibits relatively high solubilities, i.e. up to around 17 wt% at ambient temperatures, and at pressures below 220 bar. Carbon dioxide can be used to dissolve and extract 6-caprolactam from solid and liquid matrices. The remediation of contaminated soil by carbon dioxide extraction was studied. The effect of extraction pressure, temperature, soil moisture content, pH, carbon dioxide mass flow rate, and extraction time on the residual pollutant concentration in the soil after extraction was systematically studied. The selected pollutants were phenanthrene, 2,3,4,6-tetrachlorophenol and pentachlorophenol.