Report on The Spreading Characteristics of Lubricating Oils Part Ⅰ The Effect Due to the Presence of Saturated and Unsaturated Aliphatic Acids

摘要

The phenomena of the spreading of oi1s upon water have been studied for a series of artificially compounded oils consisting of a highly refined non-spreading base - a mineral oil - and a small amount of a pure fatty acid. The added acids have been one of ten different saturated fatty acids varying from the six-carbon atom acid to the eighteen-carbon atom acid, oleic acid as a typical unsaturated acid and with one double bond linoleic acid as a typical unsaturated acid with two double bonds, and ricinoleic acid as a typical hydroxy-acid.nIt was found that the presence of these acids could be detected with certainty when as little as one part in 100,000 by weight was present in the oil. By their spreading properties the short-chain saturated acids could be distinguished from the long-chain acids, while the unsaturated acids could be distinguished from the saturated acids. Finally the hydroiy-acid could be very simply distinguished from all the others. A number of new properties were revealed by this research and are herein presented.