Influenza Surveillance and Clinical Evaluation of Influenza Vaccines

摘要

From 1/24/77 to 4/22/79, 1757 cultures were obtained (68% sampling) from children with febrile respiratory illness (RI). RI, half of which were febrile, accounted for 22% of sampling day visits. Influenza outbreaks occurred in all 3 years of the study. Sixty-one specimens were positive: 13 A/Victoria, 23 A/Texas, 5 A/USSR, 16 A/Brazil, and 4 B/HK. Twelve inactivated influenza vaccines were tested for acceptability and antigenicity in young adults in a collaborative project. Monovalent A/USSR/90/77 vaccine administration was followed by trivalent A/USSR, A/Texas/75, and B/HK/72 vaccine. Vaccines were well tolerated. Antigen concentrations of 7 or 20 micrograms of hemagglutinin per 0.5 ml IM dose gave equivalent seroconversion rates. Acceptability of amantadine (Am) and rimantadine (Rm) was compared in a double blind placebo (Pl) controlled study. Subjects took Rm or Am 200 mg (N=52) or 300 mg (N=196) per day in divided doses. Both drugs were well tolerated at the lower dose. At the higher dose 49% Am (<0.001) and 21% Rm (p=0.03 vs Pl,p=0.001 vs Am) subjects had moderate symptoms vs 6% Pl-treated subjects. No adverse effects on psychomotor performance were found.