Cognitive and Behavioral Task Implications for Three-Dimensional Displays Used in Combat Information/Direction Centers

摘要

This report discusses an investigation to determine which tactical information should be displayed in three dimensions (3-D), as visualized data that would be beneficial to the warfighter's understanding of the battlespace. A cognitive task analysis was conducted using warfighting personnel from Surface Warfare Officer's School (SWOS), Joint Maritime Command Information System (JMCIS) instructors at Navy Technical Training Center, Corry Station, and participants at the 'All Service Combat Identification and Evaluation Team, 1997' combat training exercise. Our task analysis found that a 3-D display could enhance situation awareness by providing a succinct, comprehensive, and readily discernable presentation of the common tactical picture. 3-D displays could aid tactical decisionmakers in three general cognitive/perceptual areas: (1) assessing the force structure of friends, neutrals, possible adversaries, and noncombatants, (2) anticipating possible future actions based upon capabilities, historical precedent, and current political climate, and (3) refining and rehearsing contingency plans based on an assessment of the possible threat. Our analysis examined these processes and determined that a 3-D display could provide enhancement in submarine and mine location/interdiction, amphibious assault/land support, and air warfare planning and execution.