über die erhöhung des Heizwertes des wiener Stadtgases von 4250 auf 4600 kcal/nm3, ihre begründung und ihre auswirkungen

摘要

A very rapid increase in gas consumption in Vienna has taken place from 1953 onward, its highest peak being that of the cold winter of 1956. The increase in consumption is due to the steadily increasing boom and, primarily, to the increased use made of commercial and domestic space heating appliances.nOwing to the increasing availability of highly efficient and practically sulphur-free natural gas, the Vienna Gas Works have, in the period mentioned, been able to reoganize completely their production of town gas.nBetween 1952 and 1956, there were initially constructed 10 plants in all, about equally efficient in the production of natural gas/air gas by catalysis. They made it possible to reduce gradually the production of generator gas, which was to cease finally in April, 1958. For increasing the hydrogen content of the town gas to be made available to consumers, the setting up of cracking installations for natural gas/steam gas was carried out according to local ideas, and, in further development scheme, four large-scale installations have, up to now, been put into operation. Due to these measures, which will expediently be continued in the future, the Vienna Gas Works have been able to meet increasing consumption and, more than this, to adjust coal consumption to the demand for coke.nFrom about 1956 onwards, another difficulty was, however, gradually being felt : At certain peak hours, the carrying capacity of the distribution system was being utilized almost to its maximum limit, and any further stress was sure to result in low pressures that would no longer be tolerated by consumers. After having submitted various household appliances to lengthy laboratory tests with town gas of increased calorific value, whilst at the same time similar experiments were being made and checked independently by the Fuel Department of the Technical University of Vienna, it was established that an increase from 4,250 kcal/Nm3 to 4,600 kcal/Nm3 is usefull and will certainly have very advantageous results. Due to this measure which was effectively carried through on April 1, 1958, the carrying capacity of the distribution system was increased immediately by 10 per cent.nThe Gas Works laboratories' test results, as well as those of the Vienna Technical University, have been completely confirmed in practice. The 10 per cent increase in calorific value has indeed had an encouraging effect on consumption. The number of service complaints in the year covered by this report, has decreased and is continuously diminishing. The fact that the number of gas appliances in good working order increases not only absolutely but also relatively — though the Gas Works have taken every care to provide for further reinforcement of their complaint service — proves that the gas appliances have been and are, indeed, suitable to withstand the raising of the calorific value by 10 per cent to 4,600 kcal/Nm3.