Introduction to Sonar Scattering Layers.

摘要

The sonic depth finder has been a useful tool for researchers studying scattering layers, but analysis of observations does not fully describe the sonar scattering problem since the depth finder's energy is transmitted predominately in the vertical direction, and the ASW sonar energy is propagated in a horizontal plane. What happens in sonar scattering can be seen from a simple visual model. Consider a lighthouse flashing a beam of light through a flock of sea gulls. Some light is reflected back or out of the beam by the birds and therefore does not reach the horizon. There are, thus, two distinct sonar problems produced by the scattering effect: (a) the acoustic energy reflected back into the receiver; and (b) the acoustic energy diverted from the sound beam. This paper will discuss the effects and nature of the scattering layers as they apply to echo ranging ASW sonar.