Design Criteria for Vacuum Wastewater Transfer Systems in Advanced Base Applications.

摘要

A search of existing vacuum wastewater transfer technology has been made and performance data analyzed. An experimental vacuum wastewater collection facility was designed, built and tested to determine fundamental principles, transport phenomena and conceptual effectiveness of this technology in various hydraulic configurations. A field prototype vacuum system has since been configured and field-tested at a selected site having the typical adverse conditions that influence the cost effectiveness and system reliability of conventional and pressure sewer systems. R&D efforts include development of design criteria for vacuum wastewater collection systems and identification of the benefits and relative merits of vacuum, gravity and pressure sewer systems in Naval applications. Specific findings include identification of a method to suction lift wastewater higher than the classical 34 ft, an energy requirement for pumping air that is higher than that necessary for pumping an equal volume of water, a design head limitation equal to the sum total of the positive slopes of the transport piping, and a resolution of the confusion surrounding the three different types of system utilized. This report also considers alternatives to conventional wastewater collection methods currently used by the Navy and focuses on: (a) compatibility with general terrain, (b) reduction of pipe size, (c) equipment and installation costs, and (d) operational manpower requirements. (Author)