Enzymatic degumming processes for oils from soybean,rapeseed and sunflower

摘要

A proper degumming process is important for successful physical refining.Enzymatic degumming is one of the possibilities for removing phospholipids,carbohydrates,proteins,metals,soap and part of the waxes.Phospholipase Al,commercially available as Novozymes 'Lecitase Ultra',converts the phospholipids into their lyso forms which are separable from the oil phase.Addition of citric acid is important because it forms complexes with metal ions.Some of the non-hydratable phospholipids are convened to hydratable ones and the enzymes are then able to work.Phospholipase Al needs a pH of about 5.0 to work successfully.An industrial plant with a capacity of 450 tonnes/day for oil from rapeseed or soybean is described (for water degumming the capacity of an industrial plant is 50-1000 tonnes/day).A new industrial process for the degumming and pre-dewaxing of sunflower oil is then reported.Both of the described processes meet the requirements for proper degumming.The benefits of the enzymatic degumming processes are:high oil yields,significant cost savings,simple running,low environmental impact,and the best oil quality.