Risk assessment of dietary deoxynivalenol exposure in wheat products worldwide: Are new codex DON guidelines adequately protective?

摘要

Background: Deoxynivalenol (DON) is a mycotoxin produced primarily by the fungi Fusarium graminearum and F. culmorum in cereal grains. It causes vomiting, anorexia, reduced weight gain, and impaired immune function in multiple animal species. Several outbreaks of human gastroenteritis in different populations worldwide suggest a possible link to dietary DON exposure. Because of these acute and chronic health risks, the United Nations (UN) Codex Alimentarius Commission has recently set guidelines on maximum tolerable DON levels in wheat, barley, and maize.