Determination of the Mass Spectrum of the Bound State in the Framework of the Relativistic Hamiltonian Approach

摘要

We propose one a variant of calculation of the energy spectrum of bound state systems with relativistic corrections. In the framework of quantum field theory, an expression that takes into account relativistic corrections to the mass of the bound state with a known nonrelativistic pair interaction potential is proposed on the basis of calculating the asymptotic behavior of correlation functions of the corresponding field currents with the necessary quantum numbers. Excluding the time variables allows one to determine nonperturbative corrections to the interaction potential. The following results have been obtained in the framework of this approach. The nonperturbative corrections arising due to the relativistic nature of a system to the interaction Hamiltonian are determined. The dependence of the constituent mass of bound-state forming particles on the free state mass and on the orbital and radial quantum numbers is analytically derived. The energy level shift of muonic hydrogen taking into account relativistic corrections is calculated. The energy spectrum of a wide class of potentials that describe the Coulomb bound state is analytically derived with relativistic corrections. The mass spectrum of the glueballs and the constituent masses of the gluons are analytically calculated taking into account spin-orbit, spin-spin, and tensor interactions. Our numerical results have shown very good agreement with the lattice data. Taking into account nonperturbative and nonlocality characters of interactions, the mass spectrum of the mesons consisting of light-light and light-heavy quarks with orbital and radial excitations is determined. Our results show that good agreement with the experimental data for the slope and the intercept of the Regge trajectory can be obtained only taking into account the nonperturbative and the nonlocal characters of interactions. The dependences of the constituent masses of constituent particles on the masses of a free state are certain. When quarks are light, then the difference between current and valent masses of quarks is greater than valent masses of quarks, and when quarks are heavy, then the difference between these masses is insignificant. One of the alternative variants of taking nonlocality into account has been suggested for the definition of properties of hadrons at large distances. The dependence of the constituent masses of constituent particles on the radius of confinement is determined.