Equivalence among orbital equations of polynomial maps

摘要

This paper shows that orbital equations generated by iteration of polynomial maps do not necessarily have a unique representation. Remarkably, they may be represented in an infinity of ways, all interconnected by certain nonlinear transformations. Five direct and five inverse transformations are established explicitly between a pair of orbits defined by cyclic quintic polynomials with real roots and minimum discriminant. In addition, infinite sequences of transformations generated recursively are introduced and shown to produce unlimited supplies of equivalent orbital equations. Such transformations are generic and valid for arbitrary dynamics governed by algebraic equations of motion.