Socioeconomic status and bone mineral density in adults by race/ethnicity and gender: the Louisiana osteoporosis study

摘要

Low bone mineral density (BMD) and osteoporosis have become a public health problem. We found that non-Hispanic white, black, and Asian adults with extremely low education and personal income are more likely to have lower BMD. This relationship is gender-specific. These findings are valuable to guide bone health interventions.