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Satellites measure recent rates of groundwater depletion in California's Central Valley

机译:卫星测量加利福尼亚中央谷地最近的地下水枯竭率

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In highly-productive agricultural areas such as California's Central Valley, where groundwater often supplies the bulk of the water required for irrigation, quantifying rates of groundwater depletion remains a challenge owing to a lack of monitoring infrastructure and the absence of water use reporting requirements. Here we use 78 months (October, 2003-March, 2010) of data from the Gravity Recovery and Climate Experiment satellite mission to estimate water storage changes in California's Sacramento and San Joaquin River Basins. We find that the basins are losing water at a rate of 31.0 2.7 mm yr-1 equivalent water height, equal to a volume of 30.9 km3 for the study period, or nearly the capacity of Lake Mead, the largest reservoir in the United States. We use additional observations and hydrological model information to determine that the majority of these losses are due to groundwater depletion in the Central Valley. Our results show that the Central Valley lost 20.4 3.9 mm yr-1 of groundwater during the 78-month period, or 20.3 km 3 in volume. Continued groundwater depletion at this rate may well be unsustainable, with potentially dire consequences for the economic and food security of the United States.
机译:在加利福尼亚中央山谷等高产农业地区,地下水通常提供灌溉所需的大部分水,由于缺乏监测基础设施和缺乏用水报告的要求,量化地下水枯竭率仍然是一个挑战。在这里,我们使用重力恢复和气候实验卫星任务的78个月(2003年10月至2010年3月)的数据来估算加利福尼亚萨克拉曼多和圣华金河流域的储水量变化。我们发现这些盆地的失水速度为31.0 2.7毫米yr-1当量水高,相当于研究期间的30.9 km3体积,或几乎等于美国最大水库米德湖的容量。我们使用其他观测资料和水文模型信息来确定这些损失的大部分是中央谷地的地下水枯竭所致。我们的结果表明,中央谷地在78个月期间损失了20.4 3.9毫米yr-1地下水,或20.3 km 3。以这种速度持续消耗地下水很可能是不可持续的,对美国的经济和粮食安全可能造成可怕的后果。

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