Identification and Characterization of Lipophilic Extractives in Four Species of Bamboo Culms

摘要

The chemical compositions of lipophilic extractives isolated with methanol-chloroform (1/1, v/v) from Sinocalmus affinis (Rendle) Mcclure, B.rihida Keng et Keng f., Phyllostachys bambusoides Sieb. et Zucc. f. shouzhu Yi, and Phyllostachys incarnata Wen have been identified and characterized. The results showed that free fatty acids (6.49-29.15percent), monoglycerides (0.83-10.50percent), waxes (0.25-4.72percent), and sterols (1.03-3.92percent) were the dominant compositions identified in the four species of bamboo culms. Non-lipids determined from the extractives were composed of small amounts of phenolic compounds (0.86-4.77percent), azelaic acid (0.90-5.95percent), maleic acid (0.67-3.12percent), and some quantities of co-extracted polysaccharides, chlorophyll, ash, or salts. The yield of total extracts ranged from 4.22-5.98percent (percent dry culms, w/w). Some quantitative differences were found in the abundance of different lipophilic extractives. Extract of B.rihida Keng et Keng f. contained the highest yield of total extractives (5.98percent), however, it consisted the lowest amounts of lipophilic extractives (10.17percent). Phyllostachys bambusoi des Sieb. et Zucc. f. shouzhu Yi contributed the highest lipophilic extractives (54.79percent). Moreover, the lipophilic extractives were further characterized by FT-IR and ~(1)H and ~(13)C NMR spectroscopy, and the results are reported.